Meat Color and Doneness: Persistent Pinking
Late in June, my family and I were able to visit the Black Hills, an area of the country in which I have not had the opportunity to spend much time. One evening, as we dined at a local restaurant, I observed a table across the dining room sending back a dinner. While I couldn’t hear the entire conversation and I certainly wasn’t trying to eavesdrop, it was apparent that the customer was unhappy with the cooking of their hamburger and was sending it back because it was too pink in the middle. That immediately brought to my mind the phenomenon known as persistent pinking. A term I became familiar with because of work done by some colleagues here at Kansas State, which they present each summer to a group of foodservice operators who join us on-campus for an in-depth week-long look at all things food safety.
Most of us now know that color is not an indicator of doneness for meat products. However, it wasn’t very long ago that even USDA was touting to use meat color as an indicator of doneness. We traditionally find that most foodservice employees know that you can’t use the meat color to know if it has reached the required cooking temperature. When digging into this with employees (and consumers) a bit further, we will often uncover that they believe it could look “cooked” before it reaches the proper endpoint cooking temperature. That is, all signs of pink could be gone from the product, but it may not yet reach the proper temperature. However, many still believe that if it looks pink inside, it is a surefire way to know that it is NOT cooked, but this is not true. I believe this is what was happening that night in the Black Hills when the customer thought his burger was not cooked, when indeed it may well have been.
There are instances where meat exhibits persistent pinking, a phenomenon where the meat retains a pink or reddish hue even after thorough cooking.
There are instances where meat exhibits persistent pinking, a phenomenon where the meat retains a pink or reddish hue even after thorough cooking. Persistent pinking is most commonly observed in cooked meat products such as ground beef, sausage, or cured meats. Earlier this summer I had a bratwurst which exhibited the phenomenon. Despite being fully cooked, the meat retained a pink color, which can cause concern among consumers.
There are several factors that contribute to persistent pinking in meat. One of the culprits is the presence of nitrites, commonly used as curing agents in processed meats. Nitrites react with myoglobin to form a stable pink pigment called nitrosomyoglobin, which can persist even after cooking.
Another factor is the pH level of the meat. Higher pH levels, often found in older or mature animals, can contribute to the formation of pink pigments. Additionally, certain bacteria can produce enzymes that interact with myoglobin and contribute to persistent pinking.
Persistent pinking in meat does not necessarily indicate that the meat is undercooked or unsafe to consume. Operators and consumers should rely on additional indicators of meat safety, such as temperature, texture, odor, and storage conditions.
Be sure to purchase meat from reliable sources and verify its freshness. Proper storage at appropriate temperatures (below 40°F) helps maintain the quality and safety of meat products.
Cooking meat to the recommended internal temperatures is crucial. Using a food thermometer to check for doneness is the only way for foodservice operators and employees to ensure that meat reaches a safe temperature throughout.
Persistent pinking in meat can be a puzzling phenomenon. But, by understanding the causes and following proper food safety measures, foodservice operators can ensure the safe consumption of meat.
I’d love to know your thoughts about this – have you experienced persistent pinking and/or had customer complaints about this when you know you’ve safely cooked the product? Reach out to me via email and let me know! Risk nothing,
Food Safety Considerations for the “New Way” of Dining, Part II – Back-of-house
In our first blog this month, we discussed the importance of front-of-house practices as we emerge from the pandemic this summer and into fall. Making your guests feel safe will be an important point as we welcome them back to our establishment. The safer they feel, the more likely they are to revisit and this could, in turn, be a competitive advantage for your business.
Food Safety Considerations for the “New Way” of Dining
Spring is my favorite time of year, as we head out of the winter months, welcome warmer weather, and increase the daylight hours. As such, we turnover a new leaf and welcome new life as our grass, trees, and perennials come out of dormancy. This year as the Coronavirus vaccine continues its roll out and we welcome a third vaccine onto the market this morning, perhaps this spring we are turning over a ‘new leaf’ in a much more profound way, as we see light at the end of the Coronavirus tunnel.
Developing Good Food Safety Habits
Good habits and habit development are something that has fascinated me for several years. If you’ve attended any the training programs or presentations that my colleagues and I have conducted through our Center for Food Safety in Child Nutrition Programs, you’ve likely heard me opine about the importance of habits and how habits are created. Many times, in foodservice operations we wonder why our staff don’t follow the food safety practices we have established in our operation. Perhaps they don’t wash their hands when they are required, perhaps they just don’t use the proper method of handwashing, or perhaps we find that they don’t complete our HACCP logs as often as our program dictates should occur. And while we can stomp our feet and say “it is their job, they should just do it”, it really isn’t that simple. We can’t order people to change, although if we could, business and human resources would be so much simpler.
Getting Your Playbook for Food Safety Organized
As anyone who has ever worked in a foodservice operation knows, from the time food is received in your establishment to the time it is served to your customers, following proper food safety practices is crucial. What many don’t often think about is this time really should extend from the time the manager places their orders with their suppliers (including which purveyors you utilize), through the time the food is consumed – even if that consumption occurs off your premises and days after the original order was picked up by the guest. This is something that has certainly been highlighted by the pandemic as customers across the nation are utilizing take-out, curbside to go, and third-party delivery options more so now than ever before.
